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Nokia IS-IS routing protocol is one of the most popular and widely used routing protocols in the world. It is a link-state routing protocol that operates at the OSI layer 2 and layer 3. The protocol is used to exchange information between routers and determine the best path for data packets to reach their destination. The Nokia 4A0-112 exam covers all aspects of the IS-IS protocol, including its architecture, configuration, operation, and troubleshooting.

The Nokia IS-IS Routing Protocol certification exam is intended for individuals who have a solid understanding of IP routing protocols, network design, and network architecture. 4A0-112 Exam covers a variety of topics, including IS-IS protocol basics, IS-IS packet format, IS-IS operation, IS-IS configuration, and IS-IS troubleshooting.

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Nokia IS-IS Routing Protocol Sample Questions (Q41-Q46):

NEW QUESTION # 41
A router running a link-state routing protocol detects that one of its neighbors is no longer connected to it. The router generates a new link-state advertisement to inform other routers of the topology change. Which of the following is NOT an action that is triggered by this event?

A. If a router receives the new link-state advertisement, it acknowledges it, stores it, and forwards it to its own neighbors.
B. Every router that receives the new link-state advertisement runs the SPF algorithm to recalculate its shortest-path tree and its forwarding database.
C. If a router receives multiple copies of the new link-state advertisement, it will simply ignore all copies received after the first one.
D. Every router that receives the new link-state advertisement updates its age field before forwarding it.

Answer: D

Explanation:
When a router receives a link-state advertisement (LSA), it does not update the age field before forwarding it. The age field in an LSA is typically updated by the originating router or during the process of forwarding the LSA within the network. Routers do not modify the age field upon receiving and forwarding an LSA.

NEW QUESTION # 42
Refer to the exhibit.

Routers R1 through R4 are running an IGP in such a way that they have each other's system IP addresses in their routing tables. A static route is configured on router R1 so that it can reach subnetwork 10.4.100.0/24. The network administrator decides to use an indirect static route, as shown in the diagram. However, pinging the server from router R1 fails. What may be the problem in this case?

A. Router R1 drops the echo request because address 10.10.10.3 does not belong to an adjacent router.
B. Router R2 drops the echo request because it does not have subnet 10.4.100.0/24 in its routing table.
C. The echo request arrives at the server but there is no path for the echo response to return to router R1.
D. Router R3 drops the echo request because it does not have subnet 10.4.100.0/24 in its routing table.

Answer: C

Explanation:
The static route configured on router R1 uses an indirect next-hop, which is 10.10.10.3 (R3). While the echo request from R1 reaches the server through the IGP, the problem lies in the return path for the echo response.
The route 10.4.100.0/24 is reachable through R3, but there is no reciprocal route in R3's routing table that allows the response to flow back towards R1. This results in a failure to return the echo response to R1, causing the ping to fail.

NEW QUESTION # 43
Two IS-IS routers are exchanging Hello packets. One is configured to use authentication and the other is not. Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A. An adjacency will not be established.
B. An adjacency will be established with authentication using the default parameters defined for IS-IS routers.
C. The two routers will negotiate the authentication parameters and the establish an adjacency.
D. An adjacency will be established without authentication.

Answer: A

Explanation:
IS-IS routers must have matching authentication settings to establish an adjacency. If one router is configured with authentication and the other is not, the routers will not be able to establish an adjacency because their authentication parameters do not match.

NEW QUESTION # 44
Two IS-IS neighboring routers are trying to establish an adjacency, but the interface has been configured as broadcast on one of them and as point-to-point on the other. Why is the adjacency not established?

A. The routers do not receive each other's Hello messages because they listen for messages transmitted to different multicast MAC addresses.
B. The routers do not agree on the result of the DIS election.
C. The routers do not receive each other's Hello messages because they listen for messages transmitted to different multicast IP addresses.
D. The routers discard the received Hello messages because they are not the expected type: LAN Hello vs point-to-point Hello.

Answer: D

Explanation:
IS-IS routers use different types of Hello messages depending on whether the interface is configured as a broadcast (LAN) or point-to-point (P2P) link.
On a broadcast network (e.g., Ethernet), IS-IS routers use LAN Hello packets to establish adjacencies.
On a point-to-point link, IS-IS uses point-to-point Hello packets.
If one router is configured for a broadcast interface and the other for point-to-point, they will exchange incompatible Hello packets, and as a result, neither router will accept the other's Hello messages, preventing the adjacency from being established.

NEW QUESTION # 45
An IS-IS router receives a CSNP that references an older LSP than the one in its local database. What action is taken?

A. The router sends a copy of the referenced LSP from its database to its neighbor.
B. The router sends a CSNP to its neighbor describing the newer LSPs in its database.
C. The router sends a PSNP to its neighbor to request a copy of the LSP.
D. The router updates its database with the new sequence number and floods a copy of the LSP to its other neighbors.

Answer: A

Explanation:
When a router receives a CSNP (Complete Sequence Number PDU) that references an older LSP (Link-State PDU) than the one in its local database, it indicates that the neighbor is missing newer information.
In response, the router sends back a PSNP (Partial Sequence Number PDU) to the neighbor, which includes a copy of the LSPs it has in its local database that the neighbor may not yet have. This helps to synchronize the link-state information between routers.

NEW QUESTION # 46
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Nokia IS-IS Routing Protocol Sample Questions (Q41-Q46):

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